Holes are one of the most common features in a model and a physical part. There are nearly endless reasons why one would want a hole and hundreds of ways of creating that hole.
Knowing this, it is imperative that drawing calls out the exact hole the designer intends, otherwise you can get 99% accuracy with 100% failure.
Dimension
<DIM>
Value of the number
Diameter
Ø - <MOD-DIAM>
Blind
↧ - <MOD-DEPTH>
Drilled hole, uses drill-bit which has an angled tip
Countersink
⌵ - <HOLE-SINK>
Think of how ships SINK gradually
Counterbore
⌴ - <HOLE-SPOT>
Think of a BOREd that has square edges. Use these BOREds to create a staircase, or steps
Through All
THRU ALL
Drill through everything!
Through All - Both - Goes into the paper and up out of the paper
Up To Next
THRU
Stop drilling when you break through the first wall
Up To Vertex/Surface
Offset From Surface
Same as blind, but instead of measuring from the start point, you measure from the end point
Up To Body
Though all bodies until it reaches the selected body
Mid-Plane
Blind into and out of the paper in equal proportions
ASME Y14.5 defines holes as seen in these images: